Biochemistry, Cells, and Energetics

AP® Biology is an advanced, college-level course taught at the high school level that prepares students for introductory biology in college. The curriculum is organized into 8 units: Chemistry of Life, Cell Structure and Function, Cellular Energetics, Cell Communication and the Cell Cycle, Heredity, Gene Expression and Regulation, Natural Selection, and Ecology.   This cluster focuses on the first 3 units, which form the biochemical and cellular foundation for all other topics in the course:   Unit 1: Chemistry of life — explores the chemical principles and properties of molecules essential for life, including water, macromolecules, and the relationship between molecular structure and function.   Unit 2: Cell structure and function — examines the organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the role of organelles, and the importance of membranes in maintaining homeostasis.   Unit 3: Cellular energetics — investigates how cells transform energy, covering topics such as enzymes, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration.   Throughout these units, students engage in inquiry-based investigations from the AP® Biology Lab Manual, practicing essential laboratory skills and applying their knowledge to solve real-world biological problems. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, data analysis, and application-based assessments that mirror the rigor of college-level coursework. Soon, we’ll be adding a new enzyme lab investigation to this cluster, allowing learners to further explore these essential interactions in biology. Stay tuned!   AP® is a registered trademark of the College Board, which has not reviewed this resource.

Topics

  • active transport
  • adhesion
  • aerobic respiration
  • against concentration gradient
  • allosteric inhibition
  • allosteric inhibitor
  • allosteric site
  • amino acid
  • amino acid residue
  • amino acids
  • anaerobic respiration
  • animal cell
  • AP
  • AP Bio
  • AP Biology
  • aquaporin
  • aquapore
  • ATP
  • bacteria cell
  • bilayer
  • biochem
  • biological macromolecule
  • biomolecules
  • bulk transport
  • Calvin cycle
  • carbohydrate
  • carbohydrates
  • carbon
  • catalyst
  • cell
  • cell energy
  • cell energetics
  • cell membrane
  • cell size
  • cell transport
  • cell wall
  • cellular energetics
  • cells
  • chemistry of life
  • charged molecules
  • chloroplast
  • cholesterol
  • citric acid cycle
  • cofactor
  • cohesion
  • compartmentalization
  • competitive inhibition
  • competitive inhibitor
  • concentration gradient
  • diffusion
  • dissolve
  • DNA
  • deoxyribonucleic acid
  • electronegativity
  • endocytosis
  • endomembrane system
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • endosymbiosis
  • environmental variable
  • enzyme activity
  • enzyme-substrate complex
  • enzymes
  • eukaryote
  • eukaryotic
  • exocytosis
  • facilitated diffusion
  • fatty acid
  • fermentation
  • first law of thermodynamics
  • function
  • functional groups
  • glycerol
  • glycolysis
  • Golgi body
  • high pH
  • high specific heat
  • high temperature
  • homeostasis
  • hydrogen bond
  • hydrogen bonding
  • hydrogen bonds
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • hydrophilic
  • hydrophobic
  • hypertonic
  • hypotonic
  • hydrolysis
  • ions
  • ionic bonds
  • isomers
  • isotonic
  • IV fluids
  • kinetic energy
  • Kreb cycle
  • leaf disk assay
  • light-dependent reaction
  • light-independent reaction
  • line graph
  • lipid bilayer
  • lipids
  • liquid
  • living things
  • low pH
  • low temperature
  • macromolecules
  • membrane protein
  • microrespirometer
  • mitochondria
  • monomer
  • monosaccharide
  • net flow
  • next generation science standards
  • NGSS
  • nitrogen
  • noncompetitive inhibition
  • noncompetitive inhibitor
  • nonpolar
  • nucleic acids
  • nucleotide
  • nucleotides
  • optimal pH
  • optimal temperature
  • organelle
  • organelles
  • osmoregulation
  • osmolarity
  • osmosis
  • oxygen
  • passive transport
  • pepsin
  • pH
  • phagocytosis
  • phospholipid
  • phospholipids
  • phosphorylation
  • phosphorous
  • photosynthesis
  • pinocytosis
  • plant cell
  • plasma membrane
  • polarity
  • polar
  • polymer
  • polysaccharide
  • potassium pump (sodium-potassium pump)
  • R group
  • reaction rate
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • red blood cells
  • ribonucleic acid
  • ribosomes
  • RNA
  • second law of thermodynamics
  • secretory pathway
  • selective permeability
  • semipermeable membrane
  • solid
  • sodium potassium pump
  • solute
  • spectrophotometer
  • steroids
  • structure
  • subcellular components
  • substrate
  • substrate concentration
  • sulfur
  • surface tension
  • temperature
  • tonicity
  • triglyceride
  • unit 1
  • unit 2
  • unit 3
  • universal solvent
  • water
  • water properties